Home
Learn
Feed
Ladder
Saved

🏛️

System Design Interview

Scalable architecture, distributed systems, and real case studies (Twitter, Uber, Dropbox…).

Curriculum · 986 lessons

01The Task Queue Architectureintro4m 02Load Balancingintro4m 03Sticky Sessionsintro4m 04Designing a REST APIintro5m 05Lamport Timestampsintro4m 06Point to Point vs Publish Subscribeintro4m 07RESTful Resource Modelingintro4m 08Structured Loggingintro4m 09How a CDN Worksintro4m 10Centralized vs Federated Identityintro4m 11The Fixed Window Counterintro4m 12The Object Storage Modelintro4m 13The OLAP Cubeintro4m 14The Notification Service Architectureintro4m 15The URL Shortener Designintro4m 16The Cache Aside Patternintro4m 17The Monolith to Microservicesintro4m 18The Message Queue vs Logintro4m 19Failure Modes Overviewintro4m 20REST API Design Principlesintro4m 21Back of the Envelope Estimationintro4m 22Latency vs Throughputintro4m 23The Eight Fallacies of Distributed Computingintro4m 24Containers and Dockerintro4m 25The Three Tier Architectureintro4m 26The Request Reply Patternintro4m 27Horizontal Scaling with Stateless Servicesintro3m 28Message Broker Internalsintro4m 29Search Architecture Overviewintro4m 30Authentication versus Authorizationintro4m 31The Batch Processing Modelintro4m 32The Collaborative Editing Problemintro4m 33The Time Series Data Modelintro4m 34Service Mesh Architecture Deep Diveintro4m 35The Trace and Span Modelintro4m 36Warehouse vs Lake vs Lakehouseintro4m 37The Cache Hierarchy From CPU to CDNintro4m 38The Inverted Indexintro4m 39The Publish Subscribe at Scaleintro4m 40The News Feed Problemintro4m 41The CDN Architectureintro4m 42File System Basicsintro4m 43Horizontal versus Vertical Scalingintro4m 44Content Delivery Networksintro3m 45Dead Letter Queuesintro4m 46GraphQL versus REST Tradeoffsintro4m 47The Four Golden Signalsintro4m 48Metrics Counters Gauges Histogramsintro4m 49The Double Entry Ledgerintro4m 50Geohash Encodingintro4m 51The Burst Allowanceintro4m 52The Bucket and Key Namespaceintro3m 53Synchronous vs Asynchronous Replicationintro4m 54The Game Server Architectureintro4m 55Batch vs Streaming ETLintro4m 56The Product Catalog Serviceintro4m 57The Twitter Timeline at Scaleintro4m 58Event Notification vs Event Carried Stateintro4m 59Latency Percentiles p50 and p99intro4m 60CDN Offloadintro3m 61Heartbeating and Timeoutsintro4m 62The Double Entry Ledger Deep Diveintro4m 63Cart and Checkout Stateintro4m 64The Authoritative Game Serverintro4m 65The Priority Job Queueintro4m 66The Requirements Clarification Stepintro4m 67Microservices vs Monolithintro4m 68Blue Green Deploymentintro4m 69Feature Flagsintro4m 70Graceful Degradationintro4m 71API Gateway Responsibilitiesintro4m 72Failure Detection with Heartbeatsintro4m 73gRPC and Protobuf in Servicesintro4m 74Stateless Service Designintro4m 75Defining Good SLOsintro4m 76Message Acknowledgement Modesintro4m 77HATEOAS and Hypermediaintro4m 78The Session Store Designintro4m 79Tokenization and Analysisintro4m 80Currency and Money Representationintro4m 81The Quadtreeintro4m 82The Rate Limit Response Headersintro4m 83The Columnar Analytics Engineintro4m 84Multi Channel Deliveryintro4m 85The Authoritative Server Modelintro4m 86The Base62 Encoding For Idsintro4m 87The Read Through Cacheintro4m 88Service Decomposition by Domainintro4m 89The Edge PoP and Originintro4m 90Data Warehouse vs Data Lakeintro4m 91Health Checks And Readinessintro4m 92Resource Naming Conventionsintro3m 93QPS and Traffic Estimationintro4m 94Consistency vs Availabilityintro4m 95The Partial Failure Modelintro4m 96Kubernetes Pods and Servicesintro4m 97The Load Balancer Placementintro4m 98The Publish Subscribe Patternintro4m 99Connection Reuse and Poolingintro4m 100Partition Assignmentintro4m 101The Service Registryintro4m 102The Crawler and Indexerintro4m 103The Stream Processing Modelintro4m 104Presence and Cursorsintro4m 105The Metrics Ingestion Pipelineintro4m 106The Sidecar Proxy and Envoyintro4m 107Context Propagation Deep Diveintro4m 108Personalization in Commerceintro4m 109Batch vs Stream Processingintro4m 110Push vs Pull CDNintro4m 111The Heartbeat and Reconnectintro4m 112Fan Out On Writeintro4m 113Shopping Cart Designintro4m 114The Instagram Feed and Storiesintro4m 115The Event Sourcing Patternintro4m 116The Capacity Estimation Stepintro4m 117Block vs Object vs File Storageintro5m 118The Immutable Ledger Designintro4m 119The Three Pillars Of Observabilityintro4m 120Edge Caching and Cache Keysintro4m 121The Bloom Filter for Cache Missesintro4m 122Semi Synchronous Replicationintro4m 123Apache Kafka Partitionsintro4m 124Password Storage Best Practicesintro5m 125Designing Idempotent APIsintro5m 126API Rate Limit Response Headerscore4m 127Error Response Designcore4m 128Tiered Storage Hot Warm Coldcore4m 129Great Circle Distancecore4m 130Data Catalog and Lineagecore4m 131Lifecycle Policiescore4m 132Labels and Dimensionscore4m 133The Star Schemacore4m 134Negative Cachingcore4m 135Partial Responses Field Selectioncore4m 136Synthetic Monitoringcore4m 137Autocomplete with Triescore5m 138Rate Limit By Api Key vs Ip vs Usercore4m 139The Pastebin Designcore4m 140Dashboard Design Principlescore4m 141The Dead Letter Topiccore4m 142Cart Abandonment Recoverycore4m 143The Build vs Buy Decisioncore5m 144Serverless Functionscore4m 145The Message Filtercore4m 146API Authentication Patternscore5m 147Faceted Navigationcore4m 148JWT Structure and Claimscore5m 149Rate Limitingcore4m 150Read Repaircore4m 151Token Bucket vs Leaky Bucketcore4m 152Leader Follower Replicationcore5m 153Design a URL Shortenercore5m 154The Competing Consumers Patterncore5m 155The ETL vs ELT Pipelinecore4m 156Message Deduplicationcore5m 157Delay and Scheduled Messagescore4m 158Poison Message Handlingcore4m 159API Versioning URL vs Headercore5m 160The Identity Provider and Service Providercore4m 161Scope and Claim Designcore4m 162Storage Classes Hot Cold Archivecore5m 163User Preference And Opt Outcore5m 164The Digest And Batchingcore5m 165The Log Aggregation Pipelinecore5m 166The Write Through Cachecore4m 167The Write Around Cachecore4m 168Cache Eviction LRUcore4m 169The Cache Warmingcore4m 170The Medallion Bronze Silver Goldcore5m 171Redundancy And Replication For HAcore5m 172HTTP Verbs and Idempotencycore5m 173Filtering and Sorting Paramscore4m 174API Documentation with OpenAPIcore4m 175Storage Estimationcore5m 176Synchronous vs Asynchronouscore5m 177The Point To Point Channelcore4m 178Security Audit Loggingcore5m 179Message TTL and Expirycore4m 180Term Frequency Normalizationcore4m 181Session versus Token Authenticationcore5m 182Retention Policiescore4m 183The Transaction Journalcore4m 184The Claim Check Patterncore5m 185Runbooks and On Callcore5m 186TTL and Stale While Revalidatecore5m 187The On Call Rotationcore4m 188Faceted Search and Filterscore5m 189Delayed and Scheduled Jobscore5m 190Soft vs Hard Limitscore4m 191Upload and Download Throttlingcore4m 192The Replication Lag Impactcore5m 193Partition Pruningcore4m 194The Tick Rate And Simulationcore5m 195Fan Out On Readcore4m 196The Backend for Frontendcore4m 197The Schema Registrycore5m 198The Event Time vs Processing Timecore5m 199Cohesion and Couplingcore5m 200Encryption in Transit and at Restcore5m 201The API Design Stepcore5m 202Async Processing Offloadcore4m 203The Append Only Log Storagecore5m 204Spelling Correctioncore4m 205Columnar Processingcore5m 206Span Attributes and Eventscore4m 207Entity Interpolationcore5m 208Priority Queues for Workcore5m 209Blameless Postmortemscore5m 210Real User Monitoringcore4m 211Static Site Generation and Edge Cachingcore5m 212The Dead Letter Queue for Jobscore4m 213Service Level Indicatorscore4m 214Orchestration with DAGscore5m 215Peak vs Average Loadcore4m 216Push vs Pullcore5m 217Feature Flags Rolloutcore4m 218The Splitter Patterncore4m 219The Capacity Buffercore4m 220Distributed Configuration Managementcore5m 221Autocomplete Suggestion Rankingcore4m 222The Push Gateway Patterncore4m 223Message Queuescore4m 224Cursor vs Offset Paginationcore5m 225Dead Letter Handling in Streamscore5m 226The Shared Nothing Architecturecore5m 227Error Budgets and Policycore5m 228The Medallion Architecturecore4m 229Write Through vs Write Back vs Write Aroundcore5m 230Pagination Offset Cursor Keysetcore5m 231Log Aggregation Pipelinescore5m 232Cache Invalidation at the Edgecore5m 233The Search Query Parsercore5m 234The Payment State Machinecore5m 235The Fan Out Servicecore5m 236The R Treecore5m 237The Sliding Window Logcore5m 238Multipart Uploadcore5m 239The Consistency vs Latency Tradeoffcore4m 240The MapReduce Paradigmcore5m 241Client Side Predictioncore5m 242The Timeline Cachecore4m 243The Rate Limiter Design Recapcore5m 244Metric Types Counter Gauge Histogramcore5m 245The API Composition Patterncore4m 246Cache Hit Ratio Optimizationcore5m 247The Consumer Group Rebalancingcore5m 248Windowing in Stream Processingcore5m 249Star and Snowflake Schemacore5m 250The Inventory Management Systemcore5m 251Bandwidth Estimationcore4m 252Normalization vs Denormalizationcore5m 253Network Partition Handlingcore5m 254The YouTube Video Pipelinecore5m 255Kubernetes Deployment and Scalingcore5m 256The Reverse Proxy and Static Assetscore4m 257The Message Routercore4m 258The CQRS Patterncore5m 259Request Coalescing Recapcore4m 260The Data Model Stepcore5m 261Sharding by Tenantcore4m 262Immutable Data and Snapshotscore5m 263Consumer Offset Trackingcore5m 264Lease Based Lockingcore4m 265Document Ranking Signalscore5m 266TOTP and HOTP One Time Codescore5m 267Windowing Strategiescore5m 268The Awareness Protocolcore5m 269Downsampling and Rollupscore5m 270Control Plane vs Data Planecore5m 271The W3C Trace Context Standardcore5m 272The Balance Computation Strategiescore5m 273Oversell Preventioncore4m 274Tick Rate And Simulationcore5m 275API Gatewayscore4m 276Graceful Shutdown and Drainingcore5m 277Message Ordering Guaranteescore5m 278Autoscaling Policiescore5m 279Feature Flags for Safe Rolloutcore5m 280Data Lineage and Catalogingcore4m 281Object vs Block vs File Storagecore5m 282The Backend for Frontend Patterncore5m 283The HLS and DASH Protocolscore5m 284Query Understanding and Synonymscore5m 285At Least Once Job Executioncore5m 286Client Side Rate Limitingcore4m 287The CDN for Object Deliverycore5m 288Read After Write Consistencycore5m 289The Leaderboard With Redis Sorted Setscore5m 290Feed Pagination With Cursorscore4m 291The Alert Fatigue Problemcore4m 292The Service Discoverycore4m 293File Formats Parquet ORC Avrocore5m 294Stateless vs Stateful Servicescore5m 295WAF and Bot Protectioncore5m 296Snapshotting for Event Sourcingcore4m 297Protocol Overhead Reductioncore4m 298The Cost Considerationscore4m 299Caching Layers Cascadecore4m 300Data Placement and Localitycore5m 301The Distributed Countercore5m 302Matchmaking By Ratingcore5m 303Caching strategies & invalidationcore6m 304Replicationcore4m 305Distributed Transactionscore5m 306The Outbox Patterncore5m 307Canary Releasescore4m 308Idempotent Consumerscore5m 309API Versioning Strategiescore5m 310The Two Generals Problemcore4m 311Clock Synchronization and NTPcore5m 312Design a Notification Systemcore6m 313Design Instagram Photo Sharingcore6m 314Design a Distributed Countercore5m 315Design a Remote Config Servicecore5m 316Apache Kafka Fundamentalscore5m 317Partitioning for Parallelismcore5m 318Capacity Headroom and Load Testingcore5m 319The Dead Letter Queue Revisitedcore5m 320Columnar Formats Parquet and ORCcore5m 321At Most Once vs At Least Once vs Exactly Oncecore5m 322The Priority Queue Brokercore4m 323The Dead Letter Exchangecore4m 324Pagination Tokens and Cursorscore5m 325Webhooks vs Pollingcore5m 326Cache Eviction Policies LRU LFU FIFOcore5m 327Idempotency for Write APIscore5m 328Dashboards And Golden Signalscore5m 329The Origin Shieldcore5m 330Stateless JWT Sessions Tradeoffscore5m 331Single Sign On Architecturecore5m 332The Authorization Servercore5m 333Idempotent Payment Processingcore5m 334WebSocket Connection Managementcore5m 335Map Tile Servingcore5m 336Job Retries With Backoffcore5m 337Observability for Job Pipelinescore5m 338The Token Bucket Algorithmcore5m 339The Presigned URLcore5m 340Chunked File Storagecore5m 341Deduplication Of Notificationscore5m 342Rate Limiting Per User Notificationscore5m 343Priority And Urgency Levelscore5m 344Template Rendering And Localizationcore5m 345The Notification Status Trackingcore5m 346The Realtime State Synccore5m 347Feed Ranking Signalscore4m 348TTL And Expiry Strategiescore5m 349The Negative Cachingcore4m 350The Database per Servicecore4m 351Cache Key Normalizationcore5m 352Log Compaction in Kafkacore5m 353The Lakehouse Architecturecore5m 354The Checkout Flowcore5m 355Active Passive Failovercore5m 356Rate Limiting Headerscore4m 357Read Write Ratio Analysiscore4m 358The SQL vs NoSQL Choicecore5m 359The Consensus Problemcore5m 360The Netflix Streaming Architecturecore5m 361Infrastructure as Codecore5m 362The Sticky Sessions vs Shared Storecore4m 363The Message Translatorcore4m 364Least Privilege at Scalecore5m 365The Read Model Projectioncore5m 366Batching for Throughputcore5m 367The High Level Diagram Stepcore5m 368Read Replica Fan Outcore4m 369The Distributed File Systemcore6m 370Dead Letter Queue Handlingcore5m 371The Distributed Lock Servicecore5m 372The Inverted Index Buildcore5m 373SAML Federationcore6m 374The Lambda Architecture Deep Divecore5m 375Conflict Resolution Mergecore5m 376The Prometheus Pull Modelcore5m 377Traffic Management and Routingcore5m 378The Service Dependency Mapcore4m 379The Escrow And Holds Deep Divecore5m 380Inventory Reservation Deep Divecore5m 381Capacity Planning And Headroomcore5m 382Request Timeouts and Budgetscore5m 383The Data Lake and Warehousecore5m 384Idempotent Stream Consumerscore5m 385Thundering Herd and Jittered Retriescore5m 386Slowly Changing Dimensionscore5m 387Data Replication Factor Tradeoffscore5m 388Bulk and Batch Endpointscore5m 389Adaptive Bitrate Streamingcore5m 390Near Real Time Indexingcore5m 391Handling Payment Retries Safelycore5m 392Geofencingcore5m 393The Worker Pool Scalingcore5m 394The Leaky Bucket Algorithmcore5m 395The Metadata Service for Filescore5m 396Monotonic Read Consistencycore4m 397The Bloom Filter for Analyticscore5m 398The Matchmaking Servicecore5m 399The Post Storage And Mediacore4m 400The Notification System Design Recapcore5m 401Trace Context Propagationcore5m 402The Strangler Fig Migrationcore5m 403The Purge and Invalidationcore5m 404Shipping and Fulfillmentcore5m 405Simplicity vs Flexibilitycore5m 406Leader Election Algorithmscore5m 407The CORS and Security Headerscore5m 408Idempotent Event Consumerscore4m 409Compression Tradeoffscore5m 410The Monitoring and Alerting Mentioncore4m 411Database Connection Limitscore4m 412Replication for Durabilitycore5m 413Broker Monitoring Metricscore5m 414Membership and Gossipcore5m 415OpenID Connect and the ID Tokencore5m 416Predicate Pushdown Deep Divecore5m 417Comment and Annotation Synccore5m 418Alerting Rules Evaluationcore5m 419Observability in the Meshcore5m 420The Multi Currency Ledgercore5m 421Fulfillment and Shippingcore5m 422Game Session Lifecyclecore5m 423Database Shardingcore4m 424Tail Latency And P99core5m 425Retries With Backoff and Jittercore5m 426Stream Processing Windowingcore5m 427Database Connection Proxycore5m 428Percentile Latency and Tail Tolerancecore5m 429Idempotent Data Pipelinescore5m 430Rate Limiting Strategiescore5m 431Distributed Tracing Spans And Contextcore5m 432Edge Compute and Workerscore5m 433TF IDF and BM25 Rankingcore6m 434Reconciliation Jobscore5m 435The Presence Systemcore5m 436Proximity Search For Nearby Driverscore5m 437The Rate Limited Consumercore5m 438The Sliding Window Countercore5m 439Versioning and Immutabilitycore5m 440Materialized View Refreshcore5m 441Server Reconciliationcore5m 442The EdgeRank Style Scoringcore4m 443The Unique Id Generation Snowflakecore5m 444The Time Series Database for Metricscore5m 445The Circuit Breaker Pattern Recapcore4m 446The Offset Commit Semanticscore5m 447The Kafka Streams Topologycore5m 448The Order Management Systemcore5m 449Memory and Cache Sizingcore5m 450Vertical vs Horizontal Scaling Revisitedcore5m 451The WhatsApp Messaging Scalecore5m 452Cold Start in Serverlesscore4m 453The Session Management Strategiescore5m 454The Content Based Routercore5m 455The Secrets Management Vaultcore5m 456The Event Store Designcore5m 457Tail Latency Amplificationcore5m 458The Deep Dive on a Bottleneckcore5m 459Queue Based Load Levelingcore4m 460The Write Ahead Log Patterncore5m 461At Least Once Consumercore5m 462Leader Election with Raftcore5m 463Query Parsing and Rewritingcore5m 464The Kappa Architecture Deep Divecore5m 465CRDT for Sequencescore5m 466Histogram Metricscore5m 467Sampling Head vs Tailcore5m 468The Payment State Machine Deep Divecore5m 469Idempotent Order Creationcore4m 470Matchmaking Pools And Queuescore5m 471The Circuit Breakercore4m 472The Bulkhead Patterncore5m 473Read Your Own Writescore4m 474The Kappa Architecturecore5m 475Consumer Groups and Rebalancingcore5m 476Leaky Bucket versus Token Bucketcore5m 477Graceful Degradation Patternscore5m 478The Dead Letter Table Patterncore4m 479API Gateway Aggregationcore5m 480Alerting On Symptoms Not Causescore5m 481Image and Video Transcoding Pipelinescore6m 482The Escrow and Hold Patterncore5m 483The Notification Delivery Pipelinecore5m 484The Visibility Timeoutcore5m 485The Primary Backup Protocolcore4m 486The Shuffle and Sort Phasecore5m 487The Elo And Matchmaking Ratingcore5m 488Deduplication And Freshnesscore4m 489The News Feed Design Recapcore5m 490The Event Driven Microservicescore5m 491Signed URLs and Tokenscore5m 492Dimensional Modelingcore5m 493Search and Filtering for Productscore5m 494Server Count Estimationcore4m 495The Slack Realtime Messagingcore5m 496Immutable Infrastructurecore4m 497The Server Side vs Client Rendering Tradeoffcore5m 498DDoS Mitigationcore5m 499The Outbox Pattern Revisitedcore5m 500CPU Profiling and Flamegraphscore5m 501The Tradeoff Discussioncore5m 502Garbage Collection Storagecore5m 503Delayed Message Deliverycore5m 504The Distributed Schedulercore5m 505Search Latency Optimizationcore5m 506OAuth2 Authorization Code Flowcore6m 507The Document Sync Protocolcore5m 508Remote Write Storagecore5m 509Canary and Blue Green in the Meshcore5m 510The Chargeback And Dispute Flowcore5m 511The Thundering Herd Problemcore5m 512Monotonic Readscore4m 513The Lambda Architecturecore5m 514Retries Idempotency and At Least Oncecore5m 515Cache Stampede and Request Collapsingcore5m 516TLS Termination at the Edgecore5m 517Fuzzy Search and Edit Distancecore5m 518Location Update Ingestioncore5m 519Idempotent Job Handlerscore5m 520The Retry After Backoffcore5m 521Consistent Prefix Readscore4m 522The Streaming Aggregationcore5m 523The Interest Managementcore5m 524The Hybrid Fan Out For Celebritiescore5m 525Distributed Tracing and Spanscore5m 526The Edge Compute Functionscore5m 527Backpressure in Streamingcore5m 528Payment Integrationcore5m 529Distributed Deadlockcore5m 530The Uber Dispatch Systemcore5m 531The Rate Limiting at the Edgecore5m 532The Dead Letter Channelcore4m 533Eventual Consistency in CQRScore5m 534Hedged Requestscore5m 535Handling Scale Follow Upscore5m 536Autoscale on Custom Metricscore4m 537Cron at Scalecore5m 538Broadcast Joins Deep Divecore5m 539Access Control for Collaborationcore5m 540Retry and Timeout Policiescore5m 541Baggage Propagationcore4m 542The Reconciliation Deep Divecore5m 543Catalog Search Rankingcore5m 544Idempotency keyscore5m 545The CAP Theoremcore4m 546The Saga Patterncore5m 547Gossip Protocolcore5m 548The Sidecar Patterncore4m 549Exactly Once Deliverycore5m 550The Raft Consensus Algorithmcore6m 551Multi Leader Replicationcore5m 552Leaderless Replicationcore5m 553Design a Rate Limitercore6m 554Design a Realtime Leaderboardcore6m 555Design a Twitter Timelinecore6m 556Design a Feature Flag Servicecore6m 557Design an Image Processing Pipelinecore6m 558Strangler Fig for Legacy APIscore5m 559Sampling Tracescore5m 560Multi CDN Strategycore5m 561The Refresh Token Rotation Flowcore5m 562The API Key Management Systemcore5m 563Two Phase Commit for Paymentscore5m 564Push Notification Architecturecore5m 565Spark RDD and DataFramecore5m 566Push Notification Token Managementcore5m 567The Unsubscribe Compliancecore5m 568The Typeahead Autocomplete Designcore5m 569The Write Back Cachecore5m 570Multi Tier Cachingcore5m 571The CDN Caching Strategycore5m 572The Adaptive Bitrate Streamingcore5m 573Returns and Refunds Flowcore5m 574Active Active Topologycore5m 575Timeout Budgets And Cascadingcore5m 576Brownout And Feature Flagscore5m 577Pagination Patterns Cursor and Offsetcore5m 578Latency Budget Allocationcore5m 579Monolith vs Microservices Revisitedcore6m 580The GitHub Code Hostingcore5m 581Service Mesh Recapcore5m 582The CDN for Static and Dynamiccore5m 583Key Rotation and Managementcore5m 584Event Schema Evolutioncore5m 585Memory Profilingcore5m 586The Consistency Questionscore5m 587Priority Queues Designcore5m 588Split Brain and Quorumcore5m 589BM25 Deep Divecore5m 590Operational Transformation Deep Divecore6m 591The High Cardinality Problemcore5m 592Rate Limiting in the Meshcore5m 593Chaos Engineeringcore5m 594Multi Tenancy Isolation Modelscore5m 595The Content Addressed Storage Ideacore5m 596Geo Routing and Latency Based Routingcore5m 597The Outbox for Payment Eventscore5m 598The S2 Cell Hierarchycore5m 599Distributed Rate Limiting With Rediscore5m 600Lag Compensationcore5m 601Content Moderation In Feedscore4m 602The Saga Orchestration vs Choreographycore5m 603The Segment and Manifest HLScore5m 604The Pricing and Promotions Enginecore5m 605The Amazon Order Pipelinecore5m 606Canary Deploymentcore5m 607The HTTP Caching Strategy Revisitedcore5m 608The Aggregator Patterncore5m 609The Saga with Eventscore5m 610GC Tuning Impactcore5m 611The Failure Scenarios Discussioncore5m 612OAuth2 PKCEcore5m 613Flink Stateful Streamingcore5m 614Offline Editing Synccore5m 615Mutual TLS Automationcore5m 616Adaptive Samplingcore5m 617The Idempotency For Payments Deep Divecore5m 618Queue Based Admission Controlcore5m 619Distributed Tracingcore5m 620Canary Analysis Automationcore5m 621Search Index Shardingcore6m 622The Saga for Distributed Paymentscore5m 623The Long Lived Connection Load Balancingcore5m 624The Quorum Based Replicationcore5m 625Lambda versus Kappa Revisitedcore5m 626The Web Crawler Designcore5m 627The CDN for API Accelerationcore5m 628Failure Detectorscore5m 629The Airbnb Search and Bookingcore5m 630The API Gateway and BFFcore5m 631JWT Validationcore5m 632Circuit Breaking in the Meshcore5m 633The Tokenization Of Cards Deep Divecore5m 634Snapshot Delta Compressioncore5m 635Fan Out On Write Versus Readcore6m 636Late Arriving Data and Watermarkscore5m 637Real Time Location Streamingcore5m 638The Concurrency Limitercore4m 639The Key Value Store Designcore5m 640Sampling Strategies for Tracescore5m 641Recommendation in Commercecore5m 642Database Sizingcore5m 643Raft Basics Revisitedcore6m 644The Competing Consumerscore5m 645CQRS for Scalecore5m 646Broker Replicationcore5m 647The Spark Execution Modelcore6m 648CRDT for Text Deep Divecore6m 649The Query Language PromQLcore5m 650Egress Gateway Controlcore5m 651The Trace Aggregation Backendcore5m 652Inventory Sync Across Channelscore5m 653SLO SLI And Error Budgetscore6m 654Hybrid Lexical and Vector Searchcore5m 655Sticky Routing for Stateful Connectionscore5m 656Sloppy Quorumcore4m 657The Count Min Sketchcore5m 658The Chat System Designcore5m 659The Dropbox File Synccore5m 660The Progressive Web App Architecturecore5m 661Version History and Undocore6m 662Wasm Extensions for Envoycore5m 663Trace Storage and Retentioncore5m 664CQRScore4m 665Quorum Reads And Writescore5m 666The Paxos Algorithm Basicscore6m 667Conflict Free Replicated Data Typescore5m 668Total Order Broadcastcore5m 669Design a Web Crawlercore7m 670Design a Distributed Cachecore6m 671Design a Typeahead Suggestion Servicecore6m 672Design a Webhook Delivery Systemcore6m 673Design a Log Aggregation Pipelinecore6m 674Token Introspection at Scalecore5m 675Multi Tenant Authorizationcore5m 676Exactly Once Charge Guaranteescore5m 677Location Privacy Considerationscore5m 678Retry Storms And Jittercore5m 679GraphQL Schema Designcore5m 680Webhook Designcore5m 681Cost Modeling for Cloudcore5m 682Broker Failovercore5m 683Watermarks And Late Datacore5m 684The OpenTelemetry Collectorcore5m 685The Message Broker for Realtimecore5m 686The Rate Limiting of Eventscore4m 687Conflict Detection With Versionscore5m 688Continuous Profilingcore5m 689The Raft Log Replicationcore5m 690Design a Metrics and Monitoring Systemcore7m 691Design Search Autocompleteadvanced6m 692Design a Distributed Rate Limiteradvanced6m 693Runbooks And Incident Playbooksadvanced5m 694Long Polling vs SSE vs WebSocketadvanced5m 695Progressive Deliveryadvanced6m 696The Regional Server Selectionadvanced5m 697The Photo Sharing Designadvanced5m 698On Call and Incident Responseadvanced6m 699Stateful Stream Processingadvanced6m 700Session and Token Revocationadvanced6m 701Event Driven Testingadvanced5m 702Communicating Assumptionsadvanced5m 703Ordering Within A Partitionadvanced5m 704Cart Abandonment Recovery Deep Diveadvanced6m 705Regional Server Selectionadvanced6m 706The Cardinality Problem In Metricsadvanced5m 707Pagination and Deep Pagingadvanced5m 708The Distributed Cache Designadvanced5m 709Data Partitioning Strategyadvanced5m 710Deduplication Storageadvanced6m 711Data Partitioning and Bucketingadvanced5m 712Compaction Strategiesadvanced6m 713Relevance Tuning and Boostingadvanced6m 714The Webhook for Payment Statusadvanced5m 715The Gossip for Presenceadvanced5m 716The Cron Scheduler at Scaleadvanced6m 717The Game Session Lifecycleadvanced5m 718The Activity Stream Modeladvanced5m 719Cardinality Explosion in Metricsadvanced5m 720Image Optimization at Edgeadvanced5m 721Stream Table Dualityadvanced6m 722The Spotify Recommendationadvanced6m 723OAuth and OpenID Connectadvanced6m 724Event Replay and Rebuildadvanced5m 725Common Mistakes to Avoidadvanced5m 726RBAC and ABACadvanced6m 727Checkpointing And Savepointsadvanced5m 728Returns and Refunds Flow Deep Diveadvanced6m 729Replay And Spectator Systemsadvanced6m 730Backpressureadvanced4m 731Two Phase Commitadvanced5m 732Hot Partition Mitigationadvanced5m 733Request Coalescingadvanced5m 734Byzantine Fault Toleranceadvanced6m 735Split Brain Preventionadvanced5m 736Lease Based Coordinationadvanced5m 737Design a News Feedadvanced7m 738Design a Distributed Job Scheduleradvanced7m 739Design Uber Location Matchingadvanced7m 740Design Dropbox File Syncadvanced7m 741Design an Ad Click Aggregatoradvanced7m 742Disaster Recovery RPO and RTOadvanced6m 743Ordering Keys and Partitionsadvanced5m 744Long Polling vs SSE vs WebSocketsadvanced6m 745Contract Testing Between Servicesadvanced6m 746The Policy Decision Pointadvanced5m 747Rate Limiting Per User and Per Tenantadvanced5m 748The Audit Log for Accessadvanced5m 749The Quota And Billing Tiersadvanced5m 750The Broadcast Joinadvanced5m 751The APNs And FCM Gatewaysadvanced6m 752Scheduling And Timezone Handlingadvanced6m 753Cache Eviction LFUadvanced4m 754The Thundering Herd Lockadvanced5m 755Data Quality Checksadvanced5m 756Blast Radius Containmentadvanced5m 757Backup And Restore Testingadvanced6m 758HATEOAS and Discoverabilityadvanced5m 759gRPC and Protobufadvanced5m 760Scaling Bottleneck Identificationadvanced5m 761Cache vs Computeadvanced6m 762Spot Instances and Costadvanced5m 763Fan Out Subscriptionadvanced5m 764Distributed Unique IDsadvanced5m 765WebSocket for Collaborationadvanced6m 766Data Quality and Validationadvanced5m 767Rolling Deploymentadvanced5m 768Index Refresh and Mergeadvanced6m 769Fan Out Fan In Workflowsadvanced6m 770Deduplication of Blocksadvanced5m 771The Merkle Tree Anti Entropy Revisitedadvanced5m 772Approximate Count with HyperLogLogadvanced5m 773The Delta Compression Of Stateadvanced5m 774Follower Graph Storageadvanced5m 775SLOs and Error Budgetsadvanced6m 776The Bulkhead Isolationadvanced5m 777The TLS Termination at Edgeadvanced6m 778The Changelog and State Storeadvanced6m 779Inventory Reservationadvanced6m 780Single Responsibility at Scaleadvanced6m 781The Discord Voice and Chatadvanced6m 782Mutual TLS for Servicesadvanced6m 783Temporal Queries on Eventsadvanced5m 784N Plus One Eliminationadvanced5m 785The Structured Framework Approachadvanced5m 786Bulkheading Servicesadvanced5m 787Consistent Hashing for Storageadvanced6m 788The Distributed Rate Limiteradvanced5m 789Token Revocation Strategiesadvanced6m 790Shuffle Optimizationadvanced6m 791Delta of Delta Encodingadvanced5m 792Exemplars Linking Metrics and Tracesadvanced5m 793The PCI DSS Scopeadvanced6m 794Recommendation In Commerce Deep Diveadvanced6m 795Leaderboards At Scaleadvanced6m 796Consistent Hashingadvanced5m 797Write Amplificationadvanced6m 798The Strangler Fig Patternadvanced5m 799Backfilling and Reprocessingadvanced6m 800Request Hedgingadvanced5m 801Chaos Engineering Experimentsadvanced6m 802Change Data Capture Pipelinesadvanced5m 803Cache Coherence Across Nodesadvanced6m 804Webhook Security and Signaturesadvanced6m 805Feature Flags And Kill Switchesadvanced5m 806Live Streaming Architectureadvanced6m 807PCI Scope Minimizationadvanced5m 808Conflict Free Replicated Countersadvanced5m 809Route Planning At Scaleadvanced6m 810The Lua Script Atomicityadvanced5m 811Large File Resumable Uploadadvanced5m 812Top K Heavy Hittersadvanced6m 813The Spectator And Replay Systemadvanced5m 814Real Time Feed Updatesadvanced5m 815The Video Streaming Designadvanced5m 816The Contract Testingadvanced5m 817The Live Streaming Pipelineadvanced6m 818The Watermark and Late Dataadvanced6m 819Idempotent Pipeline Designadvanced5m 820Fraud Detection in Ordersadvanced6m 821Capacity Headroom Planningadvanced5m 822Strong vs Eventual Consistencyadvanced6m 823Consistent Snapshots Chandy Lamportadvanced6m 824The Google Docs Collaborationadvanced6m 825Edge Computingadvanced5m 826The WebSocket Scaling for Webadvanced6m 827Event Versioning and Upcastingadvanced5m 828Lock Contention Reductionadvanced5m 829Time Management in the Interviewadvanced5m 830Cell Based Isolation Revisitedadvanced5m 831Message Compactionadvanced6m 832Clock Synchronization with NTPadvanced5m 833Personalization in Searchadvanced5m 834Exactly Once Streamingadvanced6m 835Collaborative State Persistenceadvanced6m 836Fault Injection Testingadvanced5m 837Critical Path Analysisadvanced5m 838The Foreign Exchange Handlingadvanced6m 839Price and Promotion Engine Deep Diveadvanced6m 840Dedicated Server Orchestrationadvanced6m 841Schema Registry and Evolutionadvanced6m 842Bot Detection and WAF at the Edgeadvanced6m 843Vector Search for Semantic Retrievaladvanced6m 844Cross Region Replication of Objectsadvanced5m 845Chain Replicationadvanced5m 846The Retry and Timeout Budgetadvanced5m 847Quorum for Storageadvanced6m 848The Regulatory Audit Trailadvanced6m 849Vector Clocksadvanced6m 850Service Meshadvanced6m 851The FLP Impossibility Resultadvanced5m 852Distributed Locks with Fencing Tokensadvanced6m 853Design a Chat Messaging Systemadvanced7m 854Design a Ride Sharing Backendadvanced7m 855Design a Cloud File Storage Systemadvanced8m 856Design YouTube Video Recommendationsadvanced7m 857The Outbox and Inbox Patternsadvanced6m 858Load Sheddingadvanced5m 859Backfilling Pipelines Safelyadvanced5m 860Request Reply over Messagingadvanced5m 861The Idempotency Key Headeradvanced6m 862Read Repair and Hinted Handoffadvanced6m 863The Anti Corruption Layeradvanced6m 864Rate Limiting at the Edgeadvanced6m 865Attribute Based Access Control Engineadvanced5m 866Secrets Rotation Pipelineadvanced5m 867Surge Pricing Computationadvanced6m 868Distributed Locks for Singleton Jobsadvanced6m 869The Content Addressed Store Revisitedadvanced5m 870Delivery Retry And Fallback Channeladvanced6m 871Idempotent Send Guaranteesadvanced6m 872The Anti Cheat Detectionadvanced6m 873The Feed Generation Pipelineadvanced5m 874Anomaly Detection in Metricsadvanced6m 875Cache Consistency With Invalidationadvanced5m 876The DASH Protocoladvanced6m 877Flash Sale High Trafficadvanced6m 878Multi AZ And Multi Regionadvanced6m 879GraphQL N Plus One and DataLoaderadvanced5m 880Load Testing Methodologyadvanced5m 881The FLP Impossibilityadvanced5m 882The Cloudflare Edge Networkadvanced6m 883Multi Cloud Strategyadvanced5m 884The GraphQL Gatewayadvanced6m 885The Guaranteed Deliveryadvanced5m 886Incident Detection and Responseadvanced6m 887Eventual Consistency Boundariesadvanced5m 888Cache Friendly Data Layoutadvanced5m 889Exactly Once With Idempotencyadvanced6m 890Data Skew Handling Deep Diveadvanced6m 891Server Reconciliation in Collaborationadvanced6m 892Gorilla Compressionadvanced6m 893Locality Aware Routingadvanced5m 894Trace Based Alertingadvanced5m 895Tokenization of Card Dataadvanced5m 896The State Machine Replicationadvanced5m 897Data Skew Handlingadvanced6m 898The Ride Sharing Designadvanced5m 899The Distributed Tracing for Microservicesadvanced5m 900The Settlement And Clearingadvanced6m 901Event Sourcingadvanced5m 902Hot Key Mitigation With Request Coalescingadvanced6m 903Schema Migrations Safelyadvanced6m 904Exactly Once Stream Processingadvanced6m 905The Cell Based Architectureadvanced6m 906Capacity and the Universal Scalability Lawadvanced6m 907The Feature Store for MLadvanced5m 908The Log Structured Merge Tree Revisitedadvanced6m 909Eventual Consistency in API Responsesadvanced6m 910The Canary Deployment Analysisadvanced6m 911DNS Based Global Load Balancingadvanced6m 912Learning to Rank in Searchadvanced6m 913The ETA Prediction Serviceadvanced6m 914The Workflow Orchestration Engineadvanced6m 915Adaptive Rate Limitingadvanced6m 916Encryption at Rest for Blobsadvanced5m 917The Feed Personalizationadvanced5m 918The Multi CDN Strategyadvanced6m 919Exactly Once in Kafkaadvanced6m 920Backfill and Reprocessingadvanced5m 921Little's Law in Queueingadvanced5m 922Read Optimized vs Write Optimizedadvanced6m 923Paxos Basicsadvanced6m 924The Stripe Payments Reliabilityadvanced6m 925GitOps Workflowadvanced5m 926The Content Security Policy at Scaleadvanced6m 927The Routing Slipadvanced5m 928Database Query Optimization Recapadvanced5m 929Shuffle Shardingadvanced5m 930Erasure Codingadvanced6m 931Fencing Tokens Distributedadvanced5m 932Semantic Search with Embeddingsadvanced5m 933Policy Engines and OPAadvanced6m 934Cost Based Query Planningadvanced6m 935Large Document Performanceadvanced6m 936Long Term Storage for Metricsadvanced6m 937Ambient Mesh and Sidecarlessadvanced6m 938Distributed Profilingadvanced5m 939Distributed Inventory Consistency Deep Diveadvanced6m 940Server Side Anti Cheatadvanced6m 941Dispute and Chargeback Flowsadvanced5m 942Operational Transformation for Collaborationadvanced6m 943The Real Time Dashboard Pipelineadvanced6m 944The Sidecar and Service Mesh Recapadvanced5m 945The Phi Accrual Failure Detectoradvanced5m 946The Fraud Scoring Pipelineadvanced6m 947The Ticket Booking Concurrencyadvanced5m 948Precomputation and Materializationadvanced5m 949Design a Distributed Key Value Storeadvanced8m 950Design a Video Streaming Serviceadvanced8m 951Design Google Docs Collaborationadvanced7m 952Adaptive Concurrency Limitsadvanced6m 953The Saga Across Microservice APIsadvanced6m 954Hot Region Sharding By Geoadvanced6m 955Multi Paxos Overviewadvanced5m 956The Fan Out For Broadcastadvanced6m 957Distributed Inventory Consistencyadvanced6m 958The Power of Two Choicesadvanced5m 959The Micro Frontendsadvanced6m 960Graceful Overload Handlingadvanced5m 961Backpressure In Brokersadvanced6m 962Hybrid Retrieval Fusionadvanced5m 963Percentile Computationadvanced6m 964Multi Cluster Meshadvanced6m 965Order Saga Deep Diveadvanced6m 966Multi Region Active Activeadvanced6m 967Blue Green Database Changesadvanced5m 968Multi Region Failoveradvanced6m 969Erasure Coding for Durabilityadvanced6m 970Eventual Consistency in Balancesadvanced5m 971Cost Optimization for Analyticsadvanced6m 972The Process Manageradvanced6m 973Rollback Netcodeadvanced6m 974Durable Execution and Checkpointsadvanced6m 975The Saga Compensation Flowadvanced6m 976The Deployment Pipeline Stagesadvanced6m 977The CRDT for Collaborative Editingadvanced6m 978The Dispatch Matching Algorithmadvanced6m 979PBFT Overviewadvanced6m 980The Reranking Pipelineadvanced5m 981Flash Sale Architecture Deep Diveadvanced7m 982Design a Payment Systemadvanced8m 983Design a Stock Exchange Matching Engineadvanced8m 984Consumer Lag Monitoringadvanced4m 985Search Index Sharding Deep Diveadvanced5m 986Backpressure in Realtime Streamsadvanced5m

Practice · 628 problems

🏛️Rescue the falling-over app940 🏛️The stale exchange rate950 🏛️Authorization Code, From Scratch955 🏛️Splitting the user directory960 🏛️Storing server metrics960 🏛️Cache-aside for product pages960 🏛️Add a nullable column safely960 🏛️The double-charged card960 🏛️From One Box to Three960 🏛️The video that buffers on phones960 🏛️Server-Side Sessions965 🏛️The wrong sales tax970 🏛️One Front Door970 🏛️One ingest server, one stream down970 🏛️The upload that silently never processed970 🏛️TOTP Enrollment975 🏛️The endpoint that fell to a script980 🏛️The Roommates' Apartment Chat980 🏛️Tiny Town Trivia980 🏛️Shared Cursors in a Doc980 🏛️Ops Metrics Wall980 🏛️Two buyers, one last unit980 🏛️Per-IP Token Bucket980 🏛️First Canary Release980

+ 604 more in the arena