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Silver1080

System Design

The Bucket and Key Namespace

Buckets are the unit of ownership and policy; keys are flat strings that only look like paths.

3 min read · intro · beat Silver to climb

The two levels

An object store has just two naming levels. A bucket is a top level container that holds objects and carries ownership, region, and access policy. A key is the full string name of one object inside a bucket. Together a bucket and key uniquely locate an object.

Keys are flat

A key like reports slash 2026 slash q1 dot pdf contains slashes, but there is no real folder. The slash is just a character in a flat string. A listing with a prefix plus a delimiter simulates folders by grouping keys that share a common start.

Why buckets matter

  • They are the unit of access control and billing.
  • They pin a region so data location is predictable.
  • Their names are often globally unique so they can map to a stable address.

Key idea

Buckets carry ownership and policy while keys are flat strings whose slashes only imitate folders through prefix listing.

Check yourself

Answer to earn rating on the learn ladder.

1. What does a key's slash character represent?

2. What is a bucket primarily the unit of?