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quiz vs the machine

Gold1430

Machine Learning

Structured Output Parsing

Getting reliable machine readable data out of a text model.

5 min read · core · beat Gold to climb

Structured Output Parsing

Agents pass model output to code, and code needs structure. Structured output means coaxing the model to return data in a strict shape like JSON that a program can parse without guesswork.

The challenge

  • A model trained on free text may add prose, code fences, or trailing commas.
  • One malformed field can break the parser and stall the whole loop.
  • Subtle drift, like a number returned as a string, causes silent downstream bugs.

Techniques

  • Provide a schema and a concrete example of the exact shape you want.
  • Use constrained decoding or a structured output mode that forces valid syntax.
  • Validate the parsed result against the schema and reject or repair failures.

Repair and retry

Even with constraints, occasional outputs are malformed. A robust agent validates, and on failure either asks the model to fix its own output or retries with a sharper instruction. Treating model output as untrusted input, validated before use, prevents one bad response from corrupting the rest of the agent's work.

Key idea

Structured output forces the model into a strict parseable shape, validated before use so a malformed field cannot derail the agent.

Check yourself

Answer to earn rating on the learn ladder.

1. Why is structured output important for agents?

2. What does constrained decoding do?

3. What should an agent do with model output before using it?